In this article we will learn about the principle of energy
conversion and also studied about the cost reducing technique of energy.
Principle Of Energy Conservation
Two principles of energy conservation planning are maximum
energy efficiency and maximum cost effective-ess in energy use.
Maximum Energy Efficiency
A device system or process is working at maximum energy efficiency when maximum work is done for a given magnitude of energy
input. Only a part of the energy input is converted into useful work. The remainder
is lost is energy conversion and transfer process and energy discharge.
Work = Energy input – input – energy loss is conversion
transfer – energy discharge.
Energy input can be in the form of fossil fuels or latent
heat in vapor and gaseous streams or electrical energy. It is heat in vapor and
gaseous streams or electrical energy. It is necessary to measure input to
determine efficiency.
Work is done by a force causing a motion. Its magnitude is
equal to the product of force and displacement e.g., in a turbine or motor the
work is measured by the force and number of rotations of the turbine.
Energy loss is conversion and transfer is a necessary part
of energy utilization. No process is 100% efficient. The energy losses can be electrical,
mechanical, heat, chemical etc. this energy loss is finally dissipated to the
surroundings in the form of heat .this heat is transferred to the surrounding
by conduction, convection and radiation.
It is evident that system efficiency would improve if energy
loss in conversion and transfer and energy discharge is minimized. All energy
conversion techniques aim at reducing these losses.
Maximum cost effectiveness in energy use
Implementation of energy conservation entails additional investment.
This investment increases as more and more energy conservation measures are
adopted. Because of implementation of these measures the fuel costs decrease as
extent of conservation in increased. The total cost per unit output is the per
unit output and fuel costs per unit output as shown. Evidently maximum cost
effectiveness in energy use is obtained when total costs are the least. Around point
M (provided energy prices are constant). For better understand about principle
of energy conversion we need to also know about the energy cost reduction which
is given below.
Energy cost reduction
Off-peak energy utilization
A solution to improving plant capacity factor is to
encourage, through lower rates, the use of off-peak energy.
The benefits derived from off-peak energy sales are:
1. Improved capacity factors and hence lower capacity cost
and better utilization of investment.
2. Reduced need for peaking units resulting in lower plant
capacity and lower production and maintenance costs of fossil peaking units.
Co-generation
Co-generation means sequential conversion of energy
contained in fuel into two or more usable forms. There can be two-types of co-generation
system.
a. implant power generation system
b. Reject heat utilization system
Co-generation technologies
The different co-generation system is
a. steam turbine system
b. Gas turbine system
c. combined cycles Co-generation system
d. diesel engine system
Energy Conversion
Energy conservation means using energy more efficiency and
reducing wastage of energy. Energy has an important role in our day to day
life. Energy conservation requires new investments in more efficient equipment
to replace old inefficient ones. By energy conservation we can get more job
opportunities, lower cost, cheaper and better products.
Hence it is the principle of energy conversion if you will
find any incorrect above please comment below in comment box.